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Extracting data from geotechnical reports

Geotechnical firms report every boring they drill as a log, each drawn in its own software, symbols and column order. Structural engineers and bidding contractors receive the report for each new site, and transportation agencies keep archives of many thousands of logs. They arrive as PDF bid attachments and scans of older paper.

Foundation design needs each boring's surface elevation and groundwater depth, and each sample's depth, soil class and blow count. A geotechnical database loads them through the DIGGS or AGS exchange formats, and engineers correlate blow counts with soil strength to size foundations.

Page 6 of a sample Geotechnical Report, with extracted values outlined
24,037Markdown characters
427parse blocks
126fields extracted
The problem

What makes geotechnical reports hard

Rows aligned by depth

Blow counts, moisture contents and lab values line up with their sample by vertical position against a depth scale, across unruled columns.

One boring spans several pages

A deep boring continues over several log pages, each repeating the header, and a soil description can break across the page boundary.

Every firm logs differently

Column order and sampler notation vary by firm and log software. Any vendor solution built on fixed templates needs one per firm.

How it works

Parse, extract, verify

1

Parse

Parse turns the document into reading-order Markdown and a hierarchy of blocks (text, tables, figures), and grounds each block to its exact location on the page.

2

Extract

You define the fields in a JSON schema, and Extract returns their values in a consistent, structured format, each linked back to where it appears in the Markdown.

3

Verify

Each value links back to where it appears, down to the character range in the Markdown, and the page and bounding box in the source document, so every result can be verified.

Worked example

One geotechnical report, end to end

About this document: A geotechnical engineering investigation by Moore Twining Associates for a classroom project in a regional park in Carmel Valley, California. The park district posted it with the project's bid documents. The sample keeps 14 portrait pages of the report: the cover, the site plans, the boring logs with their key to symbols and two consolidation test reports. Page 6, the first page of a boring log, is featured.

Processing objective: The objective is to follow one boring from its header to its first sample: where the ground surface sits, where groundwater was first met, and what the first soil is and how dense. Each value grounds to its own line or row of the log.

Demonstration fields: Boring, Surface elevation (ft AMSL), Groundwater first encountered (ft), First sample USCS class, First sample N-value (blows/ft)

The document

4 of 14 pages
  • Page 1 of the sample Geotechnical ReportPage 1
  • Page 4 of the sample Geotechnical ReportPage 4
  • Page 6 of the sample Geotechnical ReportPage 6shown below
  • Page 13 of the sample Geotechnical ReportPage 13

Where each value came from

Page 6 of the sample Geotechnical Report, with every featured field outlined
Boringborings[0].boring_id
B-1
The region of the sample Geotechnical Report containing Boring, with the extracted value outlined
extraction_metadata["borings[0].boring_id"]
{
  "value": "B-1",
  "page": 6,
  "range": {
    "end": 4285,
    "start": 4265
  },
  "box": {
    "xmin": 0.39095,
    "ymin": 0.11129,
    "xmax": 0.59363,
    "ymax": 0.13431
  }
}
Surface elevation (ft AMSL)borings[0].surface_elevation_ft
183
The region of the sample Geotechnical Report containing Surface elevation (ft AMSL), with the extracted value outlined
extraction_metadata["borings[0].surface_elevation_ft"]
{
  "value": 183,
  "page": 6,
  "range": {
    "end": 4567,
    "start": 4542
  },
  "box": {
    "xmin": 0.70649,
    "ymin": 0.23192,
    "xmax": 0.9385,
    "ymax": 0.24754
  }
}
Groundwater first encountered (ft)borings[0].groundwater_first_encountered_ft
18.2
The region of the sample Geotechnical Report containing Groundwater first encountered (ft), with the extracted value outlined
extraction_metadata["borings[0].groundwater_first_encountered_ft"]
{
  "value": 18.2,
  "page": 6,
  "range": {
    "end": 4635,
    "start": 4590
  },
  "box": {
    "xmin": 0.52328,
    "ymin": 0.27494,
    "xmax": 0.90423,
    "ymax": 0.29162
  }
}
First sample USCS classborings[0].samples[0].uscs
SM
The region of the sample Geotechnical Report containing First sample USCS class, with the extracted value outlined
extraction_metadata["borings[0].samples[0].uscs"]
{
  "value": "SM",
  "page": 6,
  "range": {
    "end": 4998,
    "start": 4996
  },
  "box": {
    "xmin": 0.36137,
    "ymin": 0.33673,
    "xmax": 0.43604,
    "ymax": 0.44042
  }
}
First sample N-value (blows/ft)borings[0].samples[0].n_value_blows_per_ft
27
The region of the sample Geotechnical Report containing First sample N-value (blows/ft), with the extracted value outlined
extraction_metadata["borings[0].samples[0].n_value_blows_per_ft"]
{
  "value": 27,
  "page": 6,
  "range": {
    "end": 5196,
    "start": 5194
  },
  "box": {
    "xmin": 0.83943,
    "ymin": 0.33669,
    "xmax": 0.90682,
    "ymax": 0.44022
  }
}

How to try it yourself

Everything on this page is reproducible. The sample, its schema, and the Parse and Extract API outputs are published. You can repeat the same two calls from whichever surface you already build on.

  • Claude Skilldescribe the job; the agent writes it
  • CLIno code at all
  • MCPexpose ADE docs as an agent tool
  • REST APIany language
  • Pythonlandingai-ade
  • TypeScriptlandingai-ade
Why LandingAI?

Documents into data

Accurate

The best accuracy on the difficult documents other tools get wrong, such as messy scans, complicated tables, checkboxes and handwriting.

Auditable

Every answer cites its sources. Values come back with an audit trail (page, bounding box, character range) so a human can review them.

Agentic

Applies multi-step reasoning, and plans before it acts. Handles documents it has never seen before and adapts to variations.

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Capabilities

Geotechnical Report processing highlights

Boring ID and drill date
Surface elevation
Groundwater depths
SPT blow counts per increment
N-values by sample depth
USCS soil classes
Soil descriptions by stratum
Moisture and density results
Logs continued across pages
Consolidation test tables
Site plans as figures
Bounding box for every value
FAQs

Questions, answered

Yes. Model the borings as an array, each with its own array of samples. Give each sample a depth alongside its blow counts, N-value, soil class and moisture, so every reading stays tied to the depth it was logged at.

Yes. Parsing covers every page of the report, and extraction reads across them. A boring logged over consecutive pages returns as one entry, its header fields once and its samples in depth order.

Yes. Tables come back as HTML with merged header cells kept as spanning cells, so each result stays under its own column. A consolidation curve is classified as a chart, and its plotted data is transcribed as a table.

No. A schema names the fields you want and describes them in plain language. Where a value sits on the page is not part of it, so one schema covers logs drawn in different software.

A value quoted from the document carries the character range it came from in the parsed Markdown. The Ground API maps that range to a page and a bounding box, so a reviewer sees each value on the log line or row that printed it.

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